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RCA Cable Construction
The RCA cable, which is used in virtually all car audio installations, is a specialized cable which is designed to transmit audio while preventing noise from entering the audio stream. As you can see in the diagram below, the center conductor is "shielded" from noise by completely enveloping it in a braided copper shield conductor. The shield is connected to the reference terminal of the audio source. You remember that every measurement has to have a reference. The same is true when you are sending a signal (audio in this case). This is so because the next device in line must "measure" the level of the incoming signal. If it does not have a good reference, the signal quality will suffer. I will explain "audio grounds" in a section to come.
I don't know if this is the best place for this but...
WARNING:
When making any connections in your audio system, remove all power from the system. One reason (there are others) is that the shield of the RCA connectors is connected to chassis ground in at least one audio component (almost always grounded in the head unit). If, at any time, the shield is allowed to come in contact with any power source, the component with the grounded shield connection will be instantly (INSTANTLY) INSTANTLY damaged (Oh, did I say instantly damaged?). This is one of the most common causes of loud engine noise and it is VERY common.
Rollin' your own:
Many people opt to make their own RCA cables. If you are so inclined, there is at least one thing that will help make your cables more reliable. In the diagram below, you will see the RCA cable and connector. You will also see how the strands of the shield are gathered up and soldered to the outer conductor of the connector. You should also notice that they have no slack in them (they are pulled tight). You will also see the center conductor is NOT pulled tight. It is very important that all of the stress remains on the outer braided shield. If the cable is pulled (accidentally or otherwise) the outer shield wires will likely survive the stress. If the center conductor is shorter than the shield wires, all of the stress would be on the tiny center conductor wire which would likely break.
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